L and W are close-hauled on starboard tack. L is on a collision course with P, a boat racing, close-hauled on port tack. L hails W for room to tack; W responds and protests.

How does rule 20 apply to this situation?

Although there is risk of collision between L and P, P is not an obstruction to L and W because neither L nor W is required to keep clear of her.

At the time L hails for room to tack, she is not approaching an obstruction and she breaks rule 20.1(a).

Rule 20.2(b) requires W to respond to the hail even if the requirements of rule 20.1 are not met. Therefore, W must either tack as soon as possible or hail ‘You tack’ and then give room for L to tack and avoid her. When W responds, L must tack as soon as possible. W responds by tacking and breaks no rule.

Facts for Question 2
L and W are reaching along the start line on port tack. L is on a collision course with S, approaching the line close-hauled on starboard tack. L hails W for room to tack. W responds and protests.

How does rule 20 apply to this situation?

S is an obstruction to both W and L.

At the time L hails for room to tack, she is approaching an obstruction and will need to make a substantial course change to avoid it. However, because she is not sailing close-hauled or above, she breaks rule 20.1(b).

As in Answer 1, rule 20.2(b) requires W to respond to the hail even if the requirements of rule 20.1 are not met. Therefore, W must either tack as soon as possible or hail ‘You tack’ and then give room for L to tack and avoid her. W responds by tacking and breaks no rule. If L fails to tack, and for example sails astern of S, she also breaks rule 20.2(d).

GBR 2016/1